原文書翻譯嘗試

這是我第一次翻譯這麼硬核的原文書籍，以下翻譯段落是來自星星的你(不是)，是來自Crandall-Stotler等人於2008年所著的Bryophyte Biology(暫譯苔蘚生物學)當中的

CH1 Morphology and classification of the Marchantiophyta

章節一 地錢植物門的形態與分類

原文:

1.1 Introduction

Liverworts are a diverse phylum of small, herbaceous, terrestrial plants, estimated to comprise about 5000 species in 391 genera. They occupy an assortment of habitats, including disturbed soil along stream banks, road cuts and trails, as well as rocks, logs and trees in natural landscapes. They occur on all continents, including Antarctica, but are most diversified in the montane rain forests of the southern hemisphere. Many species are quite tolerant of repeated cycles of drying and wetting (Clausen 1964, Wood 2007), a feature that has allowed them also to exploit epiphytic substrates, including leaves and branches of the forest canopy. Like mosses and hornworts, they have a heteromorphic life cycle with a sporophyte that is comparatively short-lived and nutritionally dependent on the free-living, usually perennial gametophyte. However, they differ from both of these groups in numerous cytological, biochemical, and anatomical features as detailed by Crandall-Stotler (1984). Significant diagnostic characters of the phylum include the following: they tend to have a flattened appearance, even when leafy, because their leaves a real ways arranged in rows, never in spiral phyllotaxis; rhizoids are unicellular, thin-walled, and usually hyaline; both leafy and thalloid forms frequently develop endosymbiotic associations with fungi; sporophytes mature completely enclosed by gametophytic tissue and are incapable of self-sustaining photosynthesis; sporophyte setae are parenchymatous and elongate by cell expansion, rather than cell division; and capsules lack the stomates, cuticle, and columella that are common in mosses and hornworts.

譯文:

1.1前言

地錢植物門是一門多樣的草本陸生植物，其中就包含了391屬5000餘種。它們可以生長在五花八門的生育地上，像是生長在溪水、道路及山徑等容易受到干擾的土壤上，還有生長在石頭、木材及樹上等。幾乎在世界上所有的大陸都能夠發現它們的存在，就連南極大陸也是，但苔蘚多樣性最豐富的地方是在南半球的山地雨林。許多物種對反覆的乾燥和濕潤循環具有相當的耐受性，這一特徵使它們也可以利用附生的基質，包括森林冠層的葉子和樹枝。蘚類如同大部分的苔類及角蘚類，它們都有著異型生活週期，此週期有著出現時間較短的孢子體，以及自立且多年生的配子體。然而，如Crandall-stotler(1984)所述，它們彼此之間在細胞、生物化學及解剖構造上都存在著差異。此門有一些明顯的鑑別特徵，如下述:

 

葉狀體的外觀傾向扁平，這是因為它們葉子是排成一列，而非螺旋狀；假根為單一細胞、細胞壁薄且常為透明；葉狀體及片狀體這兩者會與真菌發展成內共生關係；孢子體成熟時會被配子體組織包圍住，並不具自行光合作用的能力。其蒴柄是由薄壁細胞構成的，它的生長是由細胞延展造成的，而非細胞分裂；孢蒴缺乏氣孔、角質層及蒴軸等構造，但這些在苔類及角蘚類則較為常見。

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